Pharmacies buy their drugs from wholesalers and are reimbursed a set amount per prescription from the NHS, but Ms Kumordzi said these charges had not increased since 2016.

She said she took out a loan to cover rising costs in 2023, said she would leave the NHS if she had the option.

The NHS uses a drug tariff for reimbursements but often does not cover moving prices, Ms Kumordzi said.

She decides each month which she will repay at higher rates, but that doesn’t always cover the cost of the pharmacy, she said.